feat(render): 实现模型旋转中心点支持- 为 ModelPart 添加 pivot 属性，支持设置旋转中心点

- 更新局部变换矩阵计算，考虑 pivot 对旋转和平移的影响
- 在 Mesh2D 中增强着色器 uniform 设置，兼容 uModelMatrix 和 uModel- 添加 setPivot 和 getPivot 方法，支持动态调整旋转中心- 创建测试用例 ModelRenderTest2，验证不同 pivot 点的旋转效果
-修复纹理绑定逻辑，确保渲染时正确应用纹理
- 添加调试纹理生成功能，便于视觉验证 pivot 效果

src/main/java/com/chuangzhou/vivid2D/render/ModelRender.java

@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ public final class ModelRender {
                             FragColor = vec4(vDebugPos * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.0, 1.0);
                             return;
                         }
-                        
                         vec4 tex = texture(uTexture, vTexCoord);
                         vec4 finalColor = tex * uColor;
                         if (uBlendMode == 1) finalColor.rgb = tex.rgb + uColor.rgb;
@@ -347,24 +346,27 @@ public final class ModelRender {
     }
 
     private static void renderMesh(Mesh2D mesh, Matrix3f modelMatrix) {
-        // 使用默认 shader（保证 shader 已被 use）
+        if (!mesh.isVisible()) return;
+
+        // 使用默认 shader
         defaultProgram.use();
 
         // 如果 mesh 已经被烘焙到世界坐标，则传 identity 矩阵给 shader（防止重复变换）
         Matrix3f matToUse = mesh.isBakedToWorld() ? new Matrix3f().identity() : modelMatrix;
 
-        // 确保 shader 中的矩阵 uniform 已更新（再次设置以防遗漏）
+        // 设置纹理相关的uniform
-        setUniformMatrix3(defaultProgram, "uModelMatrix", matToUse);
+        if (mesh.getTexture() != null) {
-        setUniformMatrix3(defaultProgram, "uModel", matToUse);
+            mesh.getTexture().bind(0); // 绑定到纹理单元0
-
+            setUniformIntInternal(defaultProgram, "uTexture", 0);
-        // 调用 Mesh2D 的 draw 重载（传 program id 与实际矩阵）
+        } else {
-        try {
+            // 使用默认白色纹理
-            mesh.draw(defaultProgram.programId, matToUse);
+            GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, defaultTextureId);
-        } catch (AbstractMethodError | NoSuchMethodError e) {
+            setUniformIntInternal(defaultProgram, "uTexture", 0);
-            // 回退：仍然兼容旧的无参 draw（在这种情况下 shader 的 uModelMatrix 已经被设置）
-            mesh.draw();
         }
 
+        // 调用 Mesh2D 的 draw 方法，传入当前使用的着色器程序和变换矩阵
+        mesh.draw(defaultProgram.programId, matToUse);
+
         checkGLError("renderMesh");
     }
 

src/main/java/com/chuangzhou/vivid2D/render/model/ModelPart.java

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ public class ModelPart {
     private final Vector2f scale;
     private final Matrix3f localTransform;
     private final Matrix3f worldTransform;
+    private final Vector2f pivot = new Vector2f(0, 0);
 
     // ==================== 渲染属性 ====================
     private boolean visible;
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ public class ModelPart {
     // ==================== 状态标记 ====================
     private boolean transformDirty;
     private boolean boundsDirty;
+    private boolean pivotInitialized;
 
     // ==================== 构造器 ====================
 
@@ -194,13 +196,19 @@ public class ModelPart {
         float cos = (float) Math.cos(rotation);
         float sin = (float) Math.sin(rotation);
 
-        float m00 = cos * scale.x;
+        float sx = scale.x;
-        float m01 = -sin * scale.y;
+        float sy = scale.y;
-        float m10 = sin * scale.x;
-        float m11 = cos * scale.y;
 
-        float m02 = position.x;  // 平移直接用 position
+        // 旋转 + 缩放矩阵
-        float m12 = position.y;
+        float m00 = cos * sx;
+        float m01 = -sin * sy;
+        float m10 = sin * sx;
+        float m11 = cos * sy;
+
+        // 平移部分考虑 pivot
+        // pivot 影响旋转中心，而 position 是最终放置位置
+        float m02 = position.x - (m00 * pivot.x + m01 * pivot.y) + pivot.x;
+        float m12 = position.y - (m10 * pivot.x + m11 * pivot.y) + pivot.y;
 
         localTransform.set(
                 m00, m01, m02,
@@ -360,6 +368,44 @@ public class ModelPart {
         boundsDirty = true;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 设置中心点
+     */
+    public void setPivot(float x, float y) {
+        if (!pivotInitialized) {
+            // 确保第一次设置 pivot 的时候，必须是 (0,0) 因为这个为非0，0时后面如果想要热变换就会出问题
+            if (x != 0 || y != 0) {
+                System.out.println("The first time you set the pivot, it must be (0,0), which is automatically adjusted to (0,0).");
+                x = 0;
+                y = 0;
+            }
+            pivotInitialized = true;
+        }
+        float dx = x - pivot.x;
+        float dy = y - pivot.y;
+
+        pivot.set(x, y);
+
+        for (Mesh2D mesh : meshes) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < mesh.getVertexCount(); i++) {
+                Vector2f v = mesh.getVertex(i);
+                v.sub(dx, dy);
+                mesh.setVertex(i, v.x, v.y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        markTransformDirty();
+        updateLocalTransform();
+        recomputeWorldTransformRecursive();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 获取旋转中心
+     */
+    public Vector2f getPivot() {
+        return new Vector2f(pivot);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 移除网格
      */

src/main/java/com/chuangzhou/vivid2D/render/model/util/Mesh2D.java

@@ -475,18 +475,33 @@ public class Mesh2D {
         // 绑定 VAO
         GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
 
-        // 将 modelMatrix 上传到 shader 的 uniform "uModel"（如果 shader 有此 uniform）
+        // 关键修改：使用传入的着色器程序
-        int loc = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "uModel");
+        GL20.glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
+
+        // 将 modelMatrix 上传到 shader 的 uniform "uModelMatrix"（与ModelRender中的命名一致）
+        int loc = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "uModelMatrix");
+        if (loc == -1) {
+            // 如果找不到 uModelMatrix，尝试 uModel
+            loc = GL20.glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "uModel");
+        }
+
         if (loc != -1) {
-            // 用一个 FloatBuffer 传递 3x3 矩阵
             java.nio.FloatBuffer fb = org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil.memAllocFloat(9);
             try {
-                modelMatrix.get(fb); // JOML 将矩阵写入 buffer（列主序，适合 OpenGL）
+                modelMatrix.get(fb);
                 fb.flip();
                 GL20.glUniformMatrix3fv(loc, false, fb);
+
+                // 调试信息
+                //System.out.println("Mesh2D: 应用模型矩阵到着色器 - " + name);
+                //System.out.printf("  [%.2f, %.2f, %.2f]\n", modelMatrix.m00(), modelMatrix.m01(), modelMatrix.m02());
+                //System.out.printf("  [%.2f, %.2f, %.2f]\n", modelMatrix.m10(), modelMatrix.m11(), modelMatrix.m12());
+                //System.out.printf("  [%.2f, %.2f, %.2f]\n", modelMatrix.m20(), modelMatrix.m21(), modelMatrix.m22());
             } finally {
                 org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil.memFree(fb);
             }
+        } else {
+            System.err.println("警告: 着色器中未找到 uModelMatrix 或 uModel uniform");
         }
 
         // 绘制

src/main/java/com/chuangzhou/vivid2D/test/ModelRenderTest2.java

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+package com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.test;
+
+import com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.render.ModelRender;
+import com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.render.model.Model2D;
+import com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.render.model.ModelPart;
+import com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.render.model.util.Mesh2D;
+import com.chuangzhou.vivid2D.render.model.util.Texture;
+import org.joml.Matrix3f;
+import org.joml.Vector2f;
+import org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW;
+import org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFWErrorCallback;
+import org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFWVidMode;
+import org.lwjgl.opengl.GL;
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+/**
+ * 用于测试中心点旋转
+ * @author tzdwindows 7
+ */
+public class ModelRenderTest2 {
+
+    private static final int WINDOW_WIDTH = 800;
+    private static final int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 600;
+    private static final String WINDOW_TITLE = "Simple Pivot Test";
+
+    private long window;
+    private boolean running = true;
+    private Model2D testModel;
+    private float rotationAngle = 0f;
+    private int testCase = 0;
+    private Mesh2D squareMesh;
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        new ModelRenderTest2().run();
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            init();
+            loop();
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            t.printStackTrace();
+        } finally {
+            cleanup();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void init() {
+        GLFWErrorCallback.createPrint(System.err).set();
+
+        if (!GLFW.glfwInit()) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Unable to initialize GLFW");
+        }
+
+        GLFW.glfwDefaultWindowHints();
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_VISIBLE, GLFW.GLFW_FALSE);
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_RESIZABLE, GLFW.GLFW_TRUE);
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW.GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
+        GLFW.glfwWindowHint(GLFW.GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GLFW.GLFW_TRUE);
+
+        window = GLFW.glfwCreateWindow(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, WINDOW_TITLE, MemoryUtil.NULL, MemoryUtil.NULL);
+        if (window == MemoryUtil.NULL) throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create GLFW window");
+
+        GLFWVidMode vidMode = GLFW.glfwGetVideoMode(GLFW.glfwGetPrimaryMonitor());
+        GLFW.glfwSetWindowPos(window,
+                (vidMode.width() - WINDOW_WIDTH) / 2,
+                (vidMode.height() - WINDOW_HEIGHT) / 2);
+
+        GLFW.glfwSetKeyCallback(window, (wnd, key, scancode, action, mods) -> {
+            if (key == GLFW.GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW.GLFW_RELEASE) running = false;
+            if (key == GLFW.GLFW_KEY_SPACE && action == GLFW.GLFW_RELEASE) {
+                testCase = (testCase + 1) % 3;
+                updatePivotPoint();
+            }
+            if (key == GLFW.GLFW_KEY_R && action == GLFW.GLFW_RELEASE) {
+                resetPosition();
+            }
+        });
+
+        GLFW.glfwSetWindowSizeCallback(window, (wnd, w, h) -> ModelRender.setViewport(w, h));
+
+        GLFW.glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
+        GLFW.glfwSwapInterval(1);
+        GLFW.glfwShowWindow(window);
+
+        GL.createCapabilities();
+
+        createSimpleTestModel();
+        ModelRender.initialize();
+
+        System.out.println("Simple pivot test initialized");
+        System.out.println("Controls: ESC = exit | SPACE = change pivot | R = reset position");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a single square mesh with vertices centered at origin
+     */
+    private void createSimpleTestModel() {
+        testModel = new Model2D("SimpleTest");
+
+        ModelPart square = testModel.createPart("square");
+        square.setPosition(0, 0); // center of window
+        square.setPivot(0,0);
+        // Create 80x80 quad centered at origin
+        squareMesh = Mesh2D.createQuad("square_mesh", 80, 80);
+        // Shift vertices so center is at (0,0)
+        //for (int i = 0; i < squareMesh.getVertexCount(); i++) {
+        //    Vector2f v = squareMesh.getVertex(i);
+        //    v.sub(0, 0);
+        //    squareMesh.setVertex(i, v.x, v.y);
+        //}
+
+        squareMesh.setTexture(createDiagnosticTexture());
+        square.addMesh(squareMesh); // do NOT bake to world coordinates
+
+        System.out.println("Simple test model created with one part only");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a diagnostic texture to see pivot visually
+     */
+    private Texture createDiagnosticTexture() {
+        int width = 80, height = 80;
+        ByteBuffer buf = MemoryUtil.memAlloc(width * height * 4);
+
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+                // center cross
+                if (x == width / 2 || y == height / 2) {
+                    buf.put((byte) 255).put((byte) 255).put((byte) 255).put((byte) 255);
+                } else if (x < width / 2 && y < height / 2) {
+                    buf.put((byte) 255).put((byte) 0).put((byte) 0).put((byte) 255); // top-left red
+                } else if (x >= width / 2 && y < height / 2) {
+                    buf.put((byte) 0).put((byte) 255).put((byte) 0).put((byte) 255); // top-right green
+                } else if (x < width / 2 && y >= height / 2) {
+                    buf.put((byte) 0).put((byte) 0).put((byte) 255).put((byte) 255); // bottom-left blue
+                } else {
+                    buf.put((byte) 255).put((byte) 255).put((byte) 0).put((byte) 255); // bottom-right yellow
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        buf.flip();
+        Texture texture = new Texture("diagnostic", width, height, Texture.TextureFormat.RGBA, buf);
+        MemoryUtil.memFree(buf);
+        return texture;
+    }
+
+    private void updatePivotPoint() {
+        ModelPart square = testModel.getPart("square");
+        if (square != null) {
+            switch (testCase) {
+                case 0:
+                    square.setPivot(0, 0);
+                    System.out.println("Pivot: center (0,0) - should rotate around center");
+                    break;
+                case 1:
+                    square.setPivot(-40, 40); // top-left corner
+                    System.out.println("Pivot: top-left (-40,40) - should rotate around top-left");
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    square.setPivot(40, -40); // bottom-right corner
+                    System.out.println("Pivot: bottom-right (40,-40) - should rotate around bottom-right");
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private void resetPosition() {
+        ModelPart square = testModel.getPart("square");
+        if (square != null) {
+            square.setPosition(400, 300);
+            square.setRotation(0);
+            rotationAngle = 0;
+            System.out.println("Position reset");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void loop() {
+        long last = System.nanoTime();
+        double nsPerUpdate = 1_000_000_000.0 / 60.0;
+        double accumulator = 0.0;
+
+        while (running && !GLFW.glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
+            long now = System.nanoTime();
+            accumulator += (now - last) / nsPerUpdate;
+            last = now;
+
+            while (accumulator >= 1.0) {
+                update(1.0f / 60.0f);
+                accumulator -= 1.0;
+            }
+
+            render();
+
+            GLFW.glfwSwapBuffers(window);
+            GLFW.glfwPollEvents();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void update(float dt) {
+        rotationAngle += dt * 1.5f;
+
+        ModelPart square = testModel.getPart("square");
+        if (square != null) {
+            square.setRotation(rotationAngle);
+        }
+
+        testModel.update(dt);
+    }
+
+    private void render() {
+        ModelRender.setClearColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
+        ModelRender.render(1.0f / 60.0f, testModel);
+    }
+
+    private void cleanup() {
+        System.out.println("Cleaning up resources...");
+        ModelRender.cleanup();
+        Texture.cleanupAll();
+        if (window != MemoryUtil.NULL) GLFW.glfwDestroyWindow(window);
+        GLFW.glfwTerminate();
+        GLFW.glfwSetErrorCallback(null).free();
+        System.out.println("Test finished");
+    }
+}